ASME Standard Carbon Steel Flanges and Fittings Order

ASME standard carbon steel flanges and fittings are the two most widely used pipeline components in modern industrial pipeline engineering. Shanghai Zucheng Pipe Fittings Manufacturing Co., Ltd. has been deeply involved in the field of industrial pipeline construction for many years, and has a profound understanding of various international standard accessories and flange products, winning the trust of domestic and foreign customers.

In January this year, we received an order from an overseas long-term customer for American standard carbon steel flange and fitting products. In this order, flanges were manufactured according to ASME B16.5, fittings included butt-welding elbows, tees, and forged branch outlets. Butt-welding fittings were produced according to ASME B16.9, while socket-welding branch outlets were forged according to MSS SP-97.

ASME standard carbon steel flanges and fittings are the products we are most familiar with. Therefore, although the customer's product description information was incomplete, based on years of experience in handling such products, we quickly provided appropriate quotations and successfully signed the contract.

Purchase Details

ITEM	DESCRIPTION	QTY	UNIT
01	Elbow; Carbon Steel. 90 Deg. Butt Weld. 2” Sch-40 Long Radius	20	PCS
02	Flange; Weld Neck. RF 6" x 300 lbs. Sch. 80. Carbon Steel. Grade ASME B16.5 A105.	20	PCS
03	Flange; Weld Neck. RF 2" x 300#. Carbon Steel A105	40	PCS
07	Sock-O-Let; Carbon Steel. 3000 lbs. 2"	20	PCS
08	Flange; Weld Neck. RF 4’’ x 300 lbs. Carbon Steel. ASME B16.5 A105	112	PCS
09	Elbow; Carbon Steel. 90 Deg. Butt Weld. 4” Sch-40 Long Radius	38	PCS
10	Sock-O-Let; Carbon Steel. 3000 lbs. 3/4"	75	PCS
11	Tee; Reducing. Carbon Steel. 6” x 4” Sch-40. ASTM A106 Grade B/WPB; ASME B16.9	38	PCS
12	Elbow; Carbon Steel. 90 Deg. Butt Weld. 6" Sch-40 Short Radius	40	PCS
TOTAL		403	PCS

ASME B16.5 Carbon Steel Weld Neck Flange

ASME B16.5 "Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings," as one of the most widely used standards in the forged flange manufacturing field, specifies design, manufacturing, inspection, and connection requirements for pipe flanges and flange fittings, enabling forged flange products manufactured by different manufacturers according to this standard to be interchangeable while meeting structural strength and pressure-bearing requirements needed for different pipeline designs.

ASME B16.5 carbon steel welded neck flange, with its excellent structural strength, wide pressure coverage range, and strict international standard requirements, has become an indispensable core connecting component in modern industrial pipeline engineering.

The ASME B16.5 standard covers nominal size range from 1/2 inch to 24 inches (DN15-DN600). For flanges larger than 24 inches, ASME B16.47 standard should be referenced. ASME B16.5 carbon steel weld neck flanges have 7 pressure classes:

Class 150, Class 300, Class 400, Class 600, Class 900, Class 1500, Class 2500.

Welded neck flange refers to a flange form with a conical high neck, which is connected to the pipeline through neck butt welding. Its core structural features include:

Conical high neck design: The flange neck has a conical transition, effectively dispersing and transmitting stress from the flange ring to the pipe body, significantly reducing stress concentration at the base of the flange.

Butt-welding connection method: The flange neck end is machined with welding bevel (typically 37.5 degrees) for circumferential butt-welding with the pipe, forming a full penetration structure.

Forging process: Typically manufactured using integral forging process, with continuous internal metal flow lines, mechanical properties superior to cast or cut pieces.

This structural design makes weld neck flanges particularly suitable for pipeline systems with severe pressure fluctuations, high temperature/pressure, low temperature cryogenic, or conveying flammable/explosive media under harsh working conditions.

Sealing Face Types

Common sealing face types include:

Sealing Face Type	Code	Characteristics Description
Raised Face	RF	Most common type, default with raised face per ASME B16.5, surface has concentric or spiral serrations
Flat Face	FF	Sealing face covers entire flange face, commonly used for low pressure or cast iron equipment connections
Male-Female Face	MFM	Divided into male face and female face, used together, accurate positioning
Tongue-Groove Face	TG	Divided into tongue face and groove face, excellent sealing performance, suitable for flammable/explosive media
Ring Joint Face	RTJ	Used for high pressure conditions, paired with metal ring gasket

Common Carbon Steel Materials

Common materials for ASME B16.5 carbon steel weld neck flanges and their applicable temperatures:

Material Standard	Material Grade	Characteristics and Application
ASTM A105	A105	Most common carbon steel flange material, suitable for normal to high temperature conditions
ASTM A350	LF2 Class 1	Low temperature carbon steel, impact test temperature -46°C, suitable for low temperature conditions
ASTM A350	LF2 Class 2	Low temperature carbon steel, impact test temperature -18°C
ASTM A694	F42-F70	Line pipe steel flange, suitable for high pressure gas transmission pipelines
GB Standard	20#, 16Mn, Q235	Common substitute materials, suitable for non-standard or domestic projects

Dimensions and Weights of Class 300 ASME B16.5 Weld Neck Flange

ASTM A234 WPB Butt-Welding Fittings

ASTM A234 WPB butt-welding fittings are fittings manufactured using carbon steel as raw material, featuring good welding performance, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance. The carbon content in their chemical composition is ≤0.30%, with other alloying elements added to enhance performance. These fittings possess high strength and hardness while maintaining good plasticity, suitable for manufacturing various pressure pipelines and pressure vessels.

ASTM A234 is a material standard established by ASTM International, specifying clear requirements for chemical composition, mechanical properties, heat treatment, impact testing, etc., of carbon and alloy steel butt-welding fittings. The standard requires materials to meet specific chemical composition requirements to ensure fitting strength and corrosion resistance.

ASTM A234 WPB is the most commonly used carbon steel material for butt-welding fittings, featuring excellent low temperature toughness, corrosion resistance, and high temperature strength. It is mainly used for manufacturing high pressure valves, fittings, chemical equipment, etc.

WPB is the abbreviation of the following English words:

W = WELDABLE / wrought

P = RELATED TO P NUMBER OF ALLOY MATERIAL

B = REFER TO MINIMUM YIELD OF MATERIAL

ASME B16.9 Butt-Welding Elbow

ASME B16.9 is the standard for factory-made wrought steel butt-welding fittings, issued by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This standard covers dimensions, tolerances, design, and marking requirements for butt-welding fittings of carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel. ASME B16.9 butt-welding elbows, as the most important and widely used fitting type among them, are used in pipeline systems to change medium flow direction.

The ASME B16.9 standard applies to butt-welding fittings with nominal size from NPS 1/2 to NPS 48 (DN15-DN1200), including butt-welding elbows, tees, reducers, caps, etc.

The pressure rating of ASME B16.9 butt-welding fittings depends on the wall thickness schedule of the connected pipe. The standard specifies that the pressure-bearing capacity of fittings should not be lower than that of straight pipe of the same material with the same wall thickness schedule.

Classification of Butt-Welding Elbows

By Bending Radius:

Type	Code	Bending Radius	Characteristics and Application
Long Radius Elbow	LR	1.5D (1.5 times nominal diameter)	Most common type, low fluid resistance, suitable for most working conditions
Short Radius Elbow	SR	1.0D (1.0 times nominal diameter)	Used in space-constrained situations, higher fluid resistance
Bend	3D/5D etc.	3 or 5 times nominal diameter	Special requirements, such as solid material conveying, low resistance requirements

By Bending Angle:

Angle	Description
45° Elbow	Common angle, used for 45° direction change
90° Elbow	Most common angle, used for 90° right-angle turn
180° Elbow	Also called return elbow, used for reverse 180° turn

By Manufacturing Process:

Type	Manufacturing Method	Applicable Size	Characteristics
Seamless Elbow	Pipe billet hot pushing or cold forming	NPS 2" and below, or large diameter special requirements	No longitudinal weld, good overall performance
Welded Elbow	Steel plate rolling and welding	Typically NPS 2" and above	Lower cost, weld requires inspection

Dimension of ASME B16.9 Butt-Welding Elbow

                             

ASTM A234 WPB Butt-Welding Tee

ASTM A234 WPB butt-welding tee is a core fitting for achieving pipeline branching connections in industrial pipeline systems. It combines ASTM A234 WPB material standard and ASME B16.9 dimensional standard, widely used in pressure pipeline systems in petroleum, chemical, power, natural gas industries.

What is ASTM A234 WPB Butt-Welding Tee?

ASTM A234 WPB: Material standard, WPB stands for Weldable, P-number (material category), B grade strength requirement, is the most common material grade for carbon steel butt-welding fittings.

Butt-welding tee: Refers to a T-shaped fitting with welding bevels at two or three ends, connected to pipelines through butt-welding, used to divert or merge media in the main pipeline.

Execution standards: Dimensions and tolerances follow ASME B16.9, material follows ASTM A234.

Classification by Connection Type:

Type	Schematic	Characteristics and Application
Equal Tee	Three outlets with same nominal size	Used for branches where main pipe and branch pipe have same diameter
Reducing Tee	Main pipe size unchanged, branch pipe size smaller	Used for branches where main pipe size unchanged, branch pipe reduced

By Structure Type:

Type	Manufacturing Method	Applicable Size	Characteristics
Seamless Tee	Pipe billet hot extrusion forming	Small to medium diameter, typically NPS 12" and below	No weld, good overall performance
Welded Tee	Steel plate rolling and welding	Large diameter, typically NPS 14" and above	Lower cost, weld requires inspection

By Connection Angle:

Type	Angle	Description
Straight Tee	90°	Branch perpendicular to main pipe, most common type
Lateral Tee	45° or other angles	Special design, used for specific flow direction requirements

ASME B16.9 Butt-Welding Tee Dimension

Weight Chart

Nominal Size		Sch20	Sch30	STD	Sch40	Sch60	XS	Sch80	Sch100	Sch120	Sch140	Sch160	XXS
DN	NPS
15 20 25	1/2 3/4 1		0.15 0.18 0.27	0.16 0.20 0.28	0.16 0.20 0.28		0.20 0.30 0.45	0.20 0.30 0.45				0.25 0.35 0.54	0.35 0.45 0.77
32 40 50	11/4 11/2 2		0.46 0.68 0.96	0.55 0.78 1.17	0.55 0.78 1.17		0.70 1.25 1.61	0.70 1.25 1.61				0.91 1.39 2.39	1.26 1.83 2.89
65 80 90 100	21/2 3 31/2 4		2.06 2.87 3.65 4.56	2.21 3.23 4.33 5.68	2.21 3.23 4.33 5.68		2.92 4.42 5.95 7.88	2.92 4.42 5.95 7.88		- -      -  10.0		3.81 6.17 -  11.8	5.21 8.01 - 14.5
125 150 200	5 6 8	- - 17.5	- - 22.0	9.08 13.6 25.5	9.08 13.6 25.5	- - 31.8	12.9 20.5 38.7	12.9 20.5 38.7	- - 45.4	16.8 26.1 54.1	- - 60.4	20.5 32.5 66.6	24.0 38.1 64.6
250 300 350	10 12 14	28.0 42.6 64.5	37.1 55.7 76.3	44.8 63.1 76.3	44.8 68.1 88.7	59.2 93.0 119	59.2 83.2 101	69.7 112 148	83.3 137 183	96.6 160 211	113 178 238	125 204 264	113 160 -
400 450 500	16 18 20	78.2 102 168	95.7 141 198	95.7 121 150	126 179 235	164 237 317	126 160 190	191 269 365	252 357 489	294 419 566	342 471 651	375 529 724
550 600 650	22 24 26	185 222 340	241 305 -	182 205 254	- 340 -	414 516 -	241 272 337	482 589 -	636 796 -	743 930 -	846 1046 -	947 1174 -
700 750 800	28 30 32	390 420 480	478 549 627	289 332 379	- - 631		383 441 503
850 900 950	34 36 38	540 610 -	709 796 -	429 481 537	714 872 -		569 639 713
1000 1050 1100	40 42 44			598 636 712			791 846 946
1150 1200 1300	46 48 52			779 850 917			995 1080 -

Tolerance of ASME B16.9 Butt Weld Fittings

Nominal  Size

All Fittings

45°&90° Elbows & Tees, Crosses

3D Radius Elbows

Returns

Caps

Reducers & Lap Joint Stub Ends

Lap Joint  Stub Ends

DN

NPS

OD 3) 4)

ID 3)

A   B   C   M

A   B

O

K

U

E,  E1

H   F

G

R

t

15-65

1/2 -21/2

+1.6 -0.8

± 0.8

± 2

± 3

± 6

± 6

±  1

± 3

± 2

0   -1

0   -1

+1.6 0

80-90

3-31/2

± 1.6

± 1.6

± 2

± 3

± 6

± 6

±  1

± 3

± 2

0   -1

0   -1

+1.6 0

100

4

± 1.6

± 1.6

± 2

± 3

± 6

± 6

±  1

± 3

± 2

0   -1

0   -2

+1.6 0

125-200

5-8

+2.4 -1.6

± 1.6

± 2

± 3

± 6

± 6

±  1

± 6

± 2

0   -1

0   -2

+1.6 0

250-450

10-18

+4.0 -3.2

± 3.2

± 2

± 3

± 10

± 6

± 2

± 6

± 2

0   -2

0   -2

+3.2 0

500-600

20-24

+6.4 -4.8

± 4.8

± 2

± 3

± 10

± 6

± 2

± 6

± 2

0   -2

0   -2

+3.2 0

650-750

26-30

+6.4 -4.8

± 4.8

± 3

± 6

---

---

---

± 10

± 5

---

---

---

800-1200

32-48

+6.4 -4.8

± 4.8

± 5

± 6

---

---

---

± 10

± 5

---

---

---

MSS SP-97 Sockolet

The outlet of the socket welding outlet is forged from high-quality round steel or steel billets, and consists of a saddle shaped base and a branch pipe connection port. The saddle shaped curved base design is easy to fit and weld with the outer wall of the main pipe, ensuring welding sealing; The top port is designed as a standard socket welding hole, with a smooth inner wall and a socket depth that meets standard specifications. It allows direct insertion into branch pipes and fixation through socket welding. The overall structure has strong pressure bearing capacity and smooth inner walls, effectively reducing medium resistance and eddy current losses.

Forged outlets effectively provide structural reinforcement, simplify construction, and adapt to high-pressure environments in industrial pipeline systems. The integral forging process enables them to withstand Class 3000, 6000, 9000 high pressure, widely used in various demanding industrial pipeline systems.

MSS SP-97 Standard

MSS SP-97 is the forged outlet fitting manufacturing standard established by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the United States (MSS), full title "Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings", covering design, production, and inspection requirements for socket-welding, threaded, and butt-welding connection types of branch outlets. The main function of this standard is to unify technical parameters, ensuring interchangeability and reliability of products from different manufacturers.

Design requirements: Clearly specifies that branch outlets must be formed through forging, achieving "full reinforcement" through structural optimization; socket-welding ports must comply with socket depth and pressure requirements of ASME B16.11 standard.

Production specifications: Raw materials are limited to forgings, bars, or steel billets, requiring heat treatment processes such as normalizing, quenching to enhance performance.

Inspection standards: Mandatory magnetic particle testing (MT) and ultrasonic testing (UT).

Marking rules: Product surface must clearly display manufacturer information, material grade, pressure class, nominal size, and "SP-97" markings.

Product Type Classification and Dimensional Parameters

MSS SP-97 socket-welding branch outlets include 90-degree and 45-degree socket-welding branch outlets, with dimensional parameters and applicable scenarios varying:

90 Degree Socket-Welding Outlet

The 90-degree socket-welding branch outlet has branch socket port perpendicular to the main pipe, is the most common product type in pipeline systems, suitable for working environments with sufficient pipeline design space and requiring vertical branch connections. Its structural length is divided into Class 3000/6000/9000 three pressure grades, with higher-grade products having longer structural length at the same size to enhance stability.

45 Degree Socket-Welding Outlet

The 45-degree socket-welding branch outlet has branch socket port designed at 45-degree angle to the main pipe, advantages include optimizing medium flow efficiency, reducing pressure loss, better matching pipeline structures with confined design spaces.