Views: 4 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-12-11 Origin: Site
API 5L Pipe Grades covered by API 5L specification are A25 ,A ,B (and the following "X" Grades), X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80. The two digit number following the "X" indicates the Minimum Yield Strength (in 000's psi) of pipe produced to this grade.
API 5L steel pipe has a wide range of applications, covering many fields such as petroleum, natural gas, chemical industry, water supply and drainage, electricity, etc. In addition, API 5L steel pipe can also be used in the fields of supporting columns, trusses and bridge components of building structures.
API 5L Standard
This specification covers seamless and welded steel line pipe. It includes plain-end, threaded-end, and belled-end pipe,as well as through-the-flow line (TFL) pipe and pipe with ends prepared for use with special couplings.
The purpose of this specification is to provide standards for pipe suitable for use in conveying gas, water, and oil in both the oil and natural gas industries.
Historical Development of API 5L Standards
The API 5L standard has evolved over the years to meet the increasing demands of the industry. Initially developed to provide a consistent set of guidelines for pipeline construction, the standard has been updated to incorporate advancements in technology and materials. These updates have improved the performance and reliability of API 5L pipes, making them suitable for a wider range of applications and environments.
Hydrostatic test
Pipe to withstand a hydrostatic test without leakage through the weld seam or the pipe body. Jointers need not be hydrostatic tested provide the pipe sections used were successfully tested.
Bend test
No cracks shall occur in any portion of the test piece and no opening of the weld shall occur.
API 5L Pipe Grades
API 5L pipes are available in different grades designated by the letter "X" followed by a two- or three-digit number. Common grades include:
API 5L Grade B: This is the most commonly used grade for general-purpose applications in the oil and gas industry.API 5L X52,X60,X65, x70, x80 (high-yield API 5L): These grades have higher yield and tensile strength and are used for pipelines operating at higher pressures and temperatures.
Other carbon steel API 5L pipe grades such as X42, X46,X56, X60,X65, X70, X80, and so on, are also available depending on specific requirements.
Chemical Composition for PSL 1 pipe with t ≤ 0.984”
Steel Grade | Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses a,g | ||||||
C | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | |
max b | max b | max | max | max | max | max | |
Seamless Pipe | |||||||
A | 0.22 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – | – | – |
B | 0.28 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | c,d | c,d | d |
X42 | 0.28 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X46 | 0.28 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X52 | 0.28 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X56 | 0.28 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X60 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | 0.3 | 0.3 | f | f | f |
X65 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | 0.3 | 0.3 | f | f | f |
X70 | 0.28 e | 1.40 e | 0.3 | 0.3 | f | f | f |
Welded Pipe | |||||||
A | 0.22 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.3 | – | – | – |
B | 0.26 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | c,d | c,d | d |
X42 | 0.26 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X46 | 0.26 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X52 | 0.26 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X56 | 0.26 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | d | d | d |
X60 | 0.26 e | 1.40 e | 0.3 | 0.3 | f | f | f |
X65 | 0.26 e | 1.45 e | 0.3 | 0.3 | f | f | f |
X70 | 0.26e | 1.65 e | 0.3 | 0.3 | f | f | f |
Note :
a. Cu ≤ = 0.50% Ni; ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; and Mo ≤ 0.15%, |
b. for each reduction of 0.01% below the specified max. concentration for carbon, and increase of 0.05% above the specified max. concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a max. of 1.65% for grades ≥ B, but ≤ = X52; up to a max. of 1.75% for grades > X52, but < X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for X70., |
c. Unless otherwise agreed NB + V ≤ 0.06%, |
d. Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15%, |
e. Unless otherwise agreed., |
f. Unless otherwise agreed, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, |
g. No deliberate addition of B is permitted and the residual B ≤ 0.001% |
Chemical Composition for PSL 2 pipe with t ≤ 0.984”
Steel Grade | Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses | |||||||||||||||||
C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | Other | ||||||||||
max b | max | max b | max | max | max | max | max | |||||||||||
Seamless and Welded Pipe | ||||||||||||||||||
BR | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | c | c | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X42R | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
BN | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | c | c | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X42N | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X46N | 0.24 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | d,e,l | |||||||||
X52N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.04 | d,e,l | |||||||||
X56N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.10f | 0.05 | 0.04 | d,e,l | |||||||||
X60N | 0.24f | 0.45f | 1.40f | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.10f | 0.05f | 0.04f | g,h,l | |||||||||
BQ | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X42Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X46Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X52Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.5 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X56Q | 0.18 | 0.45f | 1.5 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X60Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | |||||||||
X65Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | |||||||||
X70Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.80f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | |||||||||
X80Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.90f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | i,j | |||||||||
X90Q | 0.16f | 0.45f | 1.9 | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | j,k | |||||||||
X100Q | 0.16f | 0.45f | 1.9 | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | j,k | |||||||||
Welded Pipe | ||||||||||||||||||
BM | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X42M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X46M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | |||||||||
X52M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | d | d | d | e,l | |||||||||
X56M | 0.22 | 0.45f | 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | d | d | d | e,l | |||||||||
X60M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.60f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | |||||||||
X65M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.60f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | |||||||||
X70M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | h,l | |||||||||
X80M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.85f | 0.025 | 0.015 | g | g | g | i,j | |||||||||
X90M | 0.1 | 0.55f | 2.10f | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | i,j | |||||||||
X100M | 0.1 | 0.55f | 2.10f | 0.02 | 0.01 | g | g | g | i,j | |||||||||
Note：
a. SMLS t>0.787”, CE limits shall be as agreed. The CEIIW limits applied fi C > 0.12% and the CEPcm limits apply if C ≤ 0.12%, |
b. for each reduction of 0.01% below the specified max. concentration for carbon, and increase of 0.05% above the specified max. concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a max. of 1.65% for grades ≥ B, but ≤ = X52; up to a max. of 1.75% for grades > X52, but < X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for X70., |
c. Unless otherwise agreed Nb = V ≤ 0.06%, |
d. Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, |
e. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% and Mo ≤ 0.15%, |
f. Unless otherwise agreed, |
g. Unless otherwise agreed, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%, |
h. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, |
i. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, |
j. B ≤ 0.004%, |
k. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55% and MO ≤ 0.80%, |
l. for all PSL 2 pipe grades except those grades with footnotes j noted, the following applies. Unless otherwise agreed no intentional addition of B is permitted and residual B ≤ 0.001% . |
API 5L Equivalent Grades (ASTM, EN, DIN)
Material grades A53 Gr, B and A106 Gr, B, and also API 5L Gr, X42, are API 5L pipe grades equivalent.It is actually quite common to find on the market pipes that comply, at the same time, with all these specifications "guadri-norm" marked pipes, while this is true in terms of chemical and mechanical properties, note that the API 5L specification sets more severe requirements and tests than those set for the two equivalent ASTM specifications.
Line Pipe Materials:Werkstoff vs EN vs API | ||
Werkstoff/DIN | EN | API |
1.0486 StE285 | API 5L Grade X42 | |
1.0562 StE355 | P355N | API5L Grade X52 |
1.8902 StE 420 | P420N | API 5L Grade X60 |
1.8905 StE 460 | P460N | API 5L Grade X70 |
High Yield Steel Pipes | ||
1.0457 StE 240.7 | L245NB | API 5L Grade B |
1.0484 StE 290.7 | L290NB | API 5L Grade X42 |
1.0582 StE 360.7 | L360NB | API5L Grade X52 |
1.8972 StE 415.7 | L415NB | API 5L Grade X60 |
