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ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipe

Views: 8     Author: Site Editor     Publish Time: 2025-01-17      Origin: Site

ASTM A358 Stainless steel pipe is a standard specification for "Austenitic stainless steel arc-welded thin-walled pipe for high-voltage power" developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). This standard is designed to ensure that austenitic stainless steel arc-welded thin-walled pipes used in high-voltage power systems have good quality, performance and dimensional accuracy to meet the strict requirements of the power industry for pipes. The standard covers the requirements of the chemical composition, mechanical properties, manufacturing process, inspection and testing of pipes.


ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipe is a pipe, which is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, and generally but not essentially of circular cross-section. Electric Fusion Welded EFW pipe is formed by rolling plate and welding the seam. Pipe is generally manufactured to one of several international and national industrial standards. Many industrial and government standards exist for the production of pipe and tubing. Meanwhile, Pipe assemblies are more or less for all the time constructed by means of the usage of fittings such as elbows, tees, and so on.


Photos of ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipe


ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipe



Table of Content


◆ What is an EFW pipe?

◆ What is ASTM A358 material?

◆ ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipe Specification

◆ What is the difference between A358 and A312 pipe?

Which is better, ERW or EFW?

ASTM A358 Stainless steel pipe Size Chart

◆ Application areas



What is an EFW pipe?


Electric Flash Welding uses the resistance heat generated when electric current passes through the contact surface of the weldment to heat the contact point to a molten state, and then fuses the two parts of metal together under pressure to form a strong welded joint. When manufacturing EFW steel pipes, steel strips of a certain width are rolled into a circle, the edges of the steel strips are butted, and then current and pressure are applied through resistance welding equipment to weld the edges of the steel strips into one piece to form a steel pipe.


The Stainless Steel EFW Pipe Manufacturers produce these pipes so that other welding materials are not necessary to make the pipes through welding. And since the electric fusion welding does not involve other materials, the EFW SS Pipe can usually be manufactured from 6 inches up to 100 inches in diameter. There are different grades of stainless steel material that can produce pipes in this method.


What is ASTM A358 material?


ASTM A358 is a standard grade that electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service, or both, or for general applications. The ASTM A358 Stainless steel pipe is designed with an outstanding composition of chromium and nickel. The content embedded in this pipe gives these modules enhanced resistance to corrosive and oxidative media. ASTM A358 EFW Pipes are designated in classes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. These pipes are manufactured by passing high-speed beams that allow the conversion of kinetic energy into heat, where the work piece melts.


ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipe Specification


Specifications

ASTM A358 / A358M

Type

Welded Pipe

Out Diameter

6NB to 1200NB

Standards

ASME

Wall Thickness

SCH.5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, XX, (3 mm to 100 mm Thickness)

Grades

ASTM A358 304, 304L, 310S, 316,316L,316H,317L,321,321H, 347, 347H, 904L

Outer diameter size

Electric Fusion Welded / EFW / ERW- 8" NB To 110" NB

A358 Pipe Classes (CL)

ASTM A358 CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4, CL5

EFW Pipe End

Plain Ends / Beveled Ends


ASTM A358 Standard Scope


This specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service, or both, or for general applications.


Note 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”


Five classes of pipe are covered as follows:


Class 1—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radio-graphed.

Class 2—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes. No radiography is required.

Class 3—Pipe shall be single welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radio-graphed.

Class 4—Same as Class 3 except that the weld pass exposed to the inside pipe surface may be made without the addition of filler metal (see 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2).

Class 5—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be spot radio- graphed.


Materials and Manufacture


Materials:

The steel plate material shall conform to the requirements of one of the grades of Specification A 240/A 240M, listed in Table 1, except as provided in 6.3.2.3.


Welding:

The joints shall be full penetration double-welded or single-welded butt joints employing fusion welding processes as defined under “Definitions,” ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. This specification makes no provision for any difference in weld quality requirements regardless of the weld joint type employed (single or double) in making the weld. Where backing rings or strips are employed, the ring or strip material shall be of the same P-Number (Table QW-422 of Section IX) as the plate being joined. Backing rings or strips shall be completely removed after welding, prior to any required radiography, and the exposed weld surface shall be examined visually for conformance to the requirements of .


ASTM A358 Grade 304 Stainless Steel EFW Pipes Chemical Composition


Grade

C

Mn

Si

P

S

Cr

Mo

Ni

N

304

min.

-

-

-

-

-

18.0

-

8.0

-

max.

0.08

2.0

0.75

0.045

0.03

20.0


11.0

0.1

304L

min.

-

-

-

-

-

18.0

-

8.0

-

max.

0.03

2.0

0.75

0.045

0.03

20.0


12.0

0.1

304H

min.

0.04

-

-


-

18.0

-

8.0

-

max.

0.1

2.0

0.75

0.045

0.03

20.0


10.5



ASTM A358 Grade 304 Stainless Steel EFW Pipes Mechanical Properties


Grade Tensile Strength (MPa) min Yield Strength 0.2% Proof (MPa) min Elongation (% in 50mm) min Hardness
Rockwell B (HR B) max Brinell (HB) max
304 515 205 40 92 201
304L 485 170 40 92 201
304H 515 205 40 92 201


Comparison for ASTM A358 Grade 304 Stainless Steel EFW Pipes


Grade

UNS No

Old British

Euronorm

Swedish SS

Japanese JIS

BS

En

No

Name

304

S30400

304S31

58E

1.4301

X5CrNi18-10

2332

SUS 304

304L

S30403

304S11

-

1.4306

X2CrNi19-11

2352

SUS 304L

304H

S30409

304S51

-

1.4948

X6CrNi18-11

-

-


These comparisons are approximate only. The list is intended as a comparison of functionally similar materials not as a schedule of contractual equivalents. If exact equivalents are needed original specifications must be consulted.


What is the difference between A358 and A312 pipe?


What is ASTM A312?


ASTM A312 is an American Standard material specification that covers seamless, welded, and heavily cold-worked austenitic stainless steel pipe. In general A312 pipes are intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. 304 Stainless Steel and 316 Stainless Steel  are the most widely used grade of A312 specification.


What is ASTM A358?


ASTM A358 is a material specification for electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe. ASTM A358 Stainless steel pipe are widely used in high-temperature and or corrosive service industrial applications.


ASTM A312

ASTM A358

ASTM A312 materials are manufactured by Seamless without welding, Automatic Welding without filler material, or heavy cold working.

ASTM A358 materials are manufactured by fusion welding using single-welded or double-welded butt joints.

A312 materials have different grades and no sub-classes.

Depending on the type of welding, filler material requirement, and radiographic requirements they have 5 sub-classes within A358. They are designated as class 1 to class 5 and must be mentioned while ordering.

A312 material conforms to the requirements furnished in Specification A999

While A358 SS pipes conform to the requirements provided in A240.

Seamless A312 SS pipes are usually costly.

A358 pipes are usually cheaper.

In general A312 pipes are manufactured for a size up to 30 inches

A358 pipes are usually manufactured up to a size of 48 inches



Which is better, ERW or EFW?


Welding principle


ERW: When the current passes through the contact surface of the work piece to be welded, the contact resistance generates resistance heat, which heats the contact point to a plastic state or a partially melted state, and then forms a strong weld joint under pressure. During the welding process, the current passes through the entire contact surface, and the heating is relatively uniform.


EFW: When the two welds are in contact, first turn on the power, then move the welds slowly and make slight contact. Due to the uneven surface of the weld, the resistance at the contact point is very large, and the current density is extremely high. A large amount of heat is generated instantly, causing the metal at the contact point to melt and evaporate rapidly, forming flashes. As the flash process continues, the end of the weld is heated to a suitable temperature, and the forging force is quickly applied to squeeze out the molten metal, so that the two welds are welded together.


Benefits of ERW


The ERW manufacturing process is highly efficient and cost-effective. Machinery required for ERW pipe is very common, and with proper care and maintenance can run for decades. As a result, it is the predominant method for producing pipe in the PVF industry.


Benefits of EFW


The fusion process in EFW manufacturing produces a much narrower “heat affected zone” in the pipe than the ERW process. This translates to a better uniformity of the metal in the pipe, and a higher pressure rating than ERW.


Combining the higher pressure, with a still cost-effective end product (the initial tooling investment is greater for EFW pipe), means that EFW pipe can be looked at as a substitute for seamless pipe in certain applications.


ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipe Size Chart


Nominal

Outside

Nominal Wall Thickness(mm)

Diameter

Diameter

ASME B36.19M

ASME B36.10M

NPS

(mm)

SCH5S

SCH10S

SCH40S

SCH80S

SCH5

SCH10

SCH20

STD

XS

1/4

13.72

-

1.65

2.24

3.02

-

1.65

-

2.24

3.02

3/8

17.15

-

1.65

2.31

3.2

-

1.65

-

2.31

3.2

1/2

21.34

1.65

2.11

2.77

3.73

1.65

2.11

-

2.77

3.73

3/4

26.67

1.65

2.11

2.87

3.91

1.65

2.11

-

2.87

3.91

1

33.4

1.65

2.77

3.38

4.55

1.65

2.77

-

3.38

4.55

1 1/4

42.16

1.65

2.77

3.56

4.85

1.65

2.77

-

3.56

4.85

1 1/2

48.26

1.65

2.77

3.68

5.08

1.65

2.77

-

3.68

5.08

2

60.33

1.65

2.77

3.91

5.54

1.65

2.77

-

3.91

5.54

2 1/2

73.03

2.11

3.05

5.16

7.01

2.11

3.05

-

5.16

7.01

3

88.9

2.11

3.05

5.49

7.62

2.11

3.05

-

5.49

7.62

3 1/2

101.6

2.11

3.05

5.74

8.08

2.11

3.05

-

5.74

8.08

4

114.3

2.11

3.05

6.02

8.56

2.11

3.05

-

6.02

8.56

5

141.3

2.77

3.4

6.55

9.53

2.77

3.4

-

6.55

9.53

6

168.28

2.77

3.4

7.11

10.97

2.77

3.4

-

7.11

10.97

8

219.08

2.77

3.76

8.18

12.7

2.77

3.76

6.35

8.18

12.7

10

273.05

3.4

4.19

9.27

12.7

3.4

4.19

6.35

9.27

12.7

12

323.85

3.96

4.57

9.53

12.7

3.96

4.57

6.35

9.53

12.7

14

355.6

3.96

4.78

9.53

12.7

3.96

6.35

7.92

9.53

12.7

16

406.4

4.19

4.78

9.53

12.7

4.19

6.35

7.92

9.53

12.7

18

457.2

4.19

4.78

9.53

12.7

4.19

6.35

7.92

9.53

12.7

20

508

4.78

5.54

9.53

12.7

4.78

6.35

9.53

9.53

12.7

22

558.8

4.78

5.54

-

-

4.78

6.35

9.53

9.53

12.7

24

609.6

5.54

6.35

9.53

12.7

5.54

6.35

9.53

9.53

12.7

26

660.4

-

-

-

-

-

7.92

12.7

9.53

12.7

28

711.2

-

-

-

-

-

7.92

12.7

9.53

12.7

30

762

6.35

7.92

-

-

6.35

7.92

12.7

9.53

12.7

32

812.8

Thickness :6.35~30mm

|

|

84

2133.6

Remark

(1)Marking:Within production capability.

(2)Other nominal diameter and wall thickness subject to the approval of vendor and client.

(3)Calculating formula for the value of mass (kg/m):304/L[W=0.02491t(D-t)], 316/L[W=0.02507t(D-t)]

ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipes Tolerance


TABLE 3 Permitted Variations in Wall Thickness


Tolerance,% from Nominal

NPS Designator

Over

Under

1/8 to2 1/2 incl ., all t/D
ratios

20.0

12.5

3 to 18 incl., t/D up to 5%
incl.

22.5

12.5

3 to 18 incl ., t/D>5%

15.0

12.5

20 and larger,welded,all
t/D ratios

17.5

12.5

20 and larger, seamless,
t/D up to 5%incl.

22.5

12.5

20 and larger, seamless,
t/D>5%

15.0

12.5


Application Areas


- Power industry

- Steam and water pipeline system of power plant

- Nuclear power plant pipeline system

- Petrochemical industry

- Oil refining pipeline

- Chemical production pipeline

- Pharmaceutical industry

- Pharmaceutical equipment pipeline system

- Construction industry

- High-rise building water supply and drainage system

- Building fire protection system



You can get an offer for products in below material forms:


-Pipe and Tube (EN 10216-5, ASTM A213, ASTM A249, A312, A790,)

-Forged Fitting and Flange (ASTM A182 , ASTM A105,ASTM B564 )

-Butt Weld Fittings (ASTM A234, ASTM A403,ASTM A815)

-Round bar , Billet (ASTM A276, ASTM A479)

- Plate, Sheet, Strip(ASTM A240, EN 10028-7, A480)

-Bolting, Nuts(ASTM A193, A194, A320)


ASTM A358 Stainless Steel Pipes Exported Countries


We Export DIN 17175 Seamless Steel Tubes to Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait, Turkey, Egypt, Yemen , Syria, Jordan, Cyprus, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Uruguay, United States Of America, Canada, Mexico, Panama, Jamaica, Bahamas, Denmark, Norway, Germany, France,Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Belgium, Greece, Czech Republic, Portugal, Hungary, Albania, Austria, Finland, Ireland, Croatia, Malta, Nigeria, Algeria, Angola, South Africa, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Middle East.etc



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