Views: 16 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-08-18 Origin: Site
With the rapid development of technology, industrial pipeline systems have increasingly high requirements for materials. ASTM A312 seamless pipe have become a popular choice in many industries due to their excellent performance and wide applicability, and are widely used in industries such as petrochemicals, energy, and food worldwide.
ASTM A312 is a standard developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM International) specifically to standardize the manufacturing requirements, chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensional tolerances, and testing methods for austenitic stainless steel pipes (including seamless pipes, welded pipes, and cold worked pipes).
| Processing Method | Seamless Pipe and Welded Pipe |
| Diameter | 1/8"- 48" / DN6 - 1500 |
| Thickness Schedule | SCH 10S- SCH 160, XXS |
| Length | 6m or 12 m or Random |
| Standard | ASME B36.19 |
| Surface Treatment | Polish , Mirror , Epoxy Powder FBE, 2PE, 3PE Coating |
| Material | ASTM A312 TP304/304L/304H, 316/316L, 310S, 317,347,904L,S32205, S31803, 32750, 32760, S32550 |
Seamless steel pipe: Made by hot rolling, cold rolling or cold drawing solid billets through perforation, without welding joints throughout the production process, it can ensure the integrity and uniformity of the overall structure of the pipeline. It performs well in harsh environments such as high pressure and high corrosion, and is a widely used type of steel pipe in ASTM A312 standard.
Welded steel pipe: It is made by curling steel plates or strips and connecting the joints through welding technology. According to different welding methods, it can be divided into straight seam welded steel pipes and spiral seam welded steel pipes. Straight seam welded steel pipes are formed by rolling steel plates into tubes and welding them longitudinally; Spiral seam welded steel pipes are welded by curling steel plates in the direction of the spiral line. Welded steel pipes have lower production costs compared to seamless steel pipes and are suitable for situations where pressure and corrosion requirements are relatively low.
Cold worked pipe (HCW pipe): It is a metal pipe manufactured through cold working technology, with high strength, high precision, and good surface quality. Heavy duty cold worked pipes with reduced wall thickness on both sides by no less than 35% are welded to the welded pipes before final annealing.
ASTM A312 seamless pipes have a wide range of sizes to meet the needs of different scenarios. Its nominal diameter covers various specifications from 1/8 inch to 48 inches (DN6- DN1200).
| Nominal Size | Outer Diameter | Thickness | ||||
| mm | inch | mm | 5S | 10S | 40S | 80S |
| 6 | 1/8 | 10.3 | 1.24 | 1.73 | 2.41 | |
| 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.48 | ||||
| 8 | 1/4 | 13.7 | 1.65 | 2.24 | 3.02 | |
| 0.51 | 0.64 | 0.82 | ||||
| 10 | 3/8 | 17.1 | 1.65 | 2.31 | 3.20 | |
| 0.64 | 0.86 | 1.12 | ||||
| 15 | 1/2 | 21.3 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.77 | 3.73 |
| 0.82 | 1.01 | 1.30 | 1.65 | |||
| 20 | 3/4 | 26.7 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.87 | 3.91 |
| 1.04 | 1.31 | 1.71 | 2.24 | |||
| 25 | 1 | 33.4 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.38 | 4.55 |
| 1.33 | 2.13 | 2.55 | 3.29 | |||
| 32 | 1¼ | 42.2 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.56 | 4.85 |
| 1.68 | 2.76 | 3.46 | 4.56 | |||
| 40 | 1½ | 48.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.68 | 5.08 |
| 1.95 | 3.1 | 4.13 | 5.51 | |||
| 50 | 2 | 60.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.91 | 5.54 |
| 2.44 | 4.01 | 5.54 | 7.63 | |||
| 65 | 2½ | 73.0 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.16 | 7.01 |
| 3.77 | 5.36 | 8.81 | 11.64 | |||
| 80 | 3 | 88.9 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.49 | 7.62 |
| 4.60 | 6.59 | 11.52 | 15.59 | |||
| 90 | 3½ | 101.6 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.74 | 8.08 |
| 5.29 | 7.55 | 13.84 | 19.01 | |||
| 100 | 4 | 114.3 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 6.02 | 8.56 |
| 5.96 | 8.52 | 16.40 | 22.77 | |||
| 125 | 5 | 141.3 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 6.55 | 9.53 |
| 9.67 | 11.82 | 22.20 | 31.59 | |||
| 150 | 6 | 168.3 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 7.11 | 10.97 |
| 11.55 | 14.13 | 28.83 | 43.42 | |||
| 200 | 8 | 219.1 | 2.77 | 3.76 | 8.18 | 12.70 |
| 15.09 | 20.37 | 43.39 | 65.95 | |||
| 250 | 10 | 273.1 | 3.40 | 4.19 | 9.27 | 12.70 |
| 23.08 | 28.34 | 61.52 | 83.19 | |||
| 300 | 12 | 323.9 | 3.96 | 4.57 | 9.52 | 12.70 |
| 31.89 | 36.73 | 75.32 | 99.43 | |||
| 350 | 14 | 355.6 | 3.96 | 4.78 | ||
| 35.06 | 42.14 | |||||
| 400 | 16 | 406.4 | 4.19 | 4.78 | ||
| 42.41 | 48.26 | |||||
| 450 | 18 | 457.2 | 4.19 | 4.78 | ||
| 47.77 | 54.36 | |||||
| 500 | 20 | 508.0 | 4.78 | 5.54 | ||
| 60.46 | 70.00 | |||||
| 550 | 22 | 558.8 | 4.78 | 5.54 | ||
| 66.57 | 77.06 | |||||
| 600 | 24 | 609.6 | 5.54 | 6.35 | ||
| 84.16 | 96.37 | |||||
Due to the main material being stainless steel, its weight calculation needs to be combined with specific dimensional parameters. Generally speaking, the weight per meter can be roughly estimated using the formula: weight (kg/m)=(OD - T) x T x 0.02491Xl. There is a significant difference in the weight of seamless pipes of different specifications, with smaller pipes being lighter and easier to transport and install; Large scale pipelines, due to increased wall thickness, have a correspondingly larger weight and can withstand higher pressures. This diverse selection of sizes and weights enables ASTM A312 seamless pipes to accurately adapt to various complex pipeline system designs.
For example, the weight of ASTM A312 stainless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 6", wall thickness of SCH40, and a length of 6 meters can be calculated using this formula.
Firstly, convert inches to millimeter sizes, 6"=168.3mm; SCH40=7.11mm. Then, using the formula, it can be calculated that:
Weight=(168.3mm-7.11mm) x 7.11mm x 0.02491 x 6m=171.3KG.
Excellent corrosion resistance: stainless steel seamless pipes are mainly made of austenitic stainless steel material, containing alloying elements such as chromium and nickel. These elements form an anti-oxidation film on the surface of the pipeline, which can effectively improve the oxidation and corrosion resistance of stainless steel seamless pipes.
High strength and pressure resistance: Stainless steel seamless pipes have good mechanical properties and can adapt to the working environment of high-pressure pipelines, ensuring the safe and stable operation of pipeline systems.
Good welding performance: This seamless pipe has excellent welding performance and can form good welds during the welding process. The welding joint has high strength and good sealing. This makes the installation and connection of pipelines more convenient, able to meet different welding process requirements, and improves the installation quality and efficiency of pipeline systems.
High surface smoothness: ASTM A312 seamless steel pipes have high internal and external surface smoothness, without defects such as burrs and scratches. This not only reduces the flow resistance of the medium inside the pipeline, improves transportation efficiency, but also reduces the deposition and scaling of the medium inside the pipeline, which is beneficial for pipeline cleaning and maintenance.
The manufacturing process is different: ASTM A312 seamless steel pipes are made by piercing solid billets and then hot rolling, cold rolling, or cold drawing them, without welding joints throughout the entire process. Welded pipes are pipes made by curling steel plates or strips into shape and connecting the seams through welding processes, with obvious welding seams.
Performance difference: In terms of pressure resistance, seamless pipes have no welded joints, resulting in uniform overall strength distribution and the ability to withstand higher pressures, making them more advantageous in high-pressure applications; The weld strength of welded pipes is relatively low, and leakage and other problems are prone to occur in high-pressure environments. In terms of corrosion resistance, the overall material of seamless pipes is uniform, and the corrosion resistance performance is more stable; The weld seam of welded pipes may experience a decrease in corrosion resistance due to thermal effects during the welding process, making it prone to localized corrosion.
Different application scenarios: ASTM A312 seamless steel pipe is suitable for applications that require high pressure and corrosion resistance, such as high-pressure and corrosive medium transportation pipelines in industries such as chemical, petroleum, and pharmaceutical. Welded pipes are usually suitable for general transportation pipelines with low pressure and weak corrosiveness, such as water transportation, low-pressure steam transportation, and other scenarios.
The material of ASTM A312 seamless steel pipe is mainly stainless steel, and common grades include TP304, TP304L, TP316, TP316L, etc. TP304 stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and welding performance, and is one of the most widely used stainless steel materials, suitable for general corrosive environments. TP304L is a low-carbon TP304 stainless steel with better welding performance and intergranular corrosion resistance, suitable for applications that require welding and have requirements for intergranular corrosion.
Chemical Composition
| CHEMICAL | LIMITS | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | N |
| ASTM A182 F304 | MIN | 8.0 | 18.0 | |||||||
| MAX | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 11.0 | 20.0 | 0.10 | ||
| ASTM A182 F304L | MIN | 8.00 | 18.00 | |||||||
| MAX | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 13.00 | 20.00 | 0.10 |
Mechanical Properties
| MATERIAL | T.S (MPA) | Y.S (MPA) | EL % |
| ASTM A312 TP304 | 515min | 205 min | 35 min |
| ASTM A312 TP304L | 485 min | 170 min | 35 min |
TP316 stainless steel has added molybdenum element to TP304, further improving its corrosion resistance, especially in environments containing chloride ions. TP316L is a low-carbon TP316 stainless steel, which not only has the corrosion resistance of TP316, but also has better welding performance and intergranular corrosion resistance, making it suitable for more demanding corrosive environments. These different grades of stainless steel materials provide a solid guarantee for the stable operation of ASTM A312 seamless pipes under various complex working conditions.
Chemical Composition
| CHEMICAL | LIMITS | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | N |
| ASTM A182 F316 | MIN | 10.0 | 16.0 | 2.00 | ||||||
| MAX | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 14.0 | 18.0 | 3.00 | 0.10 | |
| ASTM A182 F316L | MIN | 10.00 | 16.0 | 2.00 | ||||||
| MAX | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 15.00 | 18.0 | 3.00 | 0.10 |
Mechanical Properties
| MATERIAL | T.S (MPA) | Y.S (MPA) | EL % |
| ASTM A312 TP316 | 515min | 205min | 35 min |
| ASTM A312 TP316L | 485 min | 170 min | 35 min |
Chemical industry: ASTM A312 seamless steel pipe is widely used in chemical raw material transportation pipelines, reactor connection pipelines, chemical wastewater treatment pipelines, etc. due to their excellent corrosion resistance and high strength performance, ensuring the safe and stable operation of chemical production.
Oil and gas industry: In the process of oil and gas extraction, transportation, and processing, pipelines need to withstand high pressure and various corrosive media erosion. Stainless steel seamless pipe can meet these stringent requirements and are commonly used in oil and gas transmission pipelines, process pipelines in oil and gas processing equipment, etc., providing reliable support for the efficient operation of the oil and gas industry.
Food and pharmaceutical industry: The food and pharmaceutical industry has extremely high hygiene requirements for pipelines, requiring them to have good corrosion resistance and cleanliness to avoid contaminating products. ASTM A312 TP304 seamless steel pipe is made of stainless steel material, with high surface finish, easy to clean and disinfect, and meets the hygiene standards of the food and pharmaceutical industry. It is widely used in food processing pipelines, material transportation pipelines in pharmaceutical production, etc.
Water treatment industry: In the process of water treatment, whether it is tap water treatment, sewage treatment, or seawater desalination, pipelines need to have good corrosion resistance. ASTM A312 TP316 seamless steel pipe can resist the erosion of various impurities and chemicals in water, and is commonly used in conveying pipelines, filtration equipment connecting pipelines, etc. in water treatment systems, ensuring the smooth progress of the water treatment process.
ASTM A312 seamless steel pipe play an important role in the industrial field due to their diverse specifications, excellent material properties, and wide range of applications.
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